Quantitative Research:

 

Quantitative Research:

When one thinks of quantitative methods, he/she probably have specific things in mind. He/she will probably be thinking of statistics, numbers. Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to wider populations.

Independent and dependent variable : In quantitative research, the relationship between an independent and dependent variable (whether how long a student sleeps affects test scores, the independent variable is the length of time spent sleeping while the dependent variable is the test score.) in a population is determined.

Test Hypothesis: Quantitative research method can be descriptive (survey) or experimental. Quantitative research is designed to test hypotheses. Factors to be considered in assessing quantitative research designs include external validity, the construction of the sample. The appropriateness of the pool from which the sample is drawn, the generalizability of the findings, This analysis will only produce valid results if the data are of high quality in the first place.

Answer to fact: This is the key essence of every research, be it quantitative or qualitative. We seek answers to phenomenon. In law, there could be questions like, what factors influence people to commit theft? Whether our prison system is reforming the prisoners or not?, and so on. In quantitative research, we collect numerical data. Analysis using mathematically based methods. In order to be able to use mathematically based methods, our data have to be in numerical form. This is not the case for qualitative research. Therefore, as quantitative research is essentially about collecting numerical data to explain a particular phenomenon, particular questions seem immediately suited to being answered using quantitative methods. How many prisoners didn’t display a reoffend tendency after serving their imprisonment? What was the time line in disposal of cases relating to rape against women?

When do we use quantitative methods

‘what kind of questions are best answered by using quantitative as opposed to qualitative methods?’ There are four main types of research questions that quantitative research is particularly suited to finding an answer to:

 1. One that demands a quantitative answer. Examples are: ‘  patents were granted to Indian MNC’s post-2005 amendment in the Patents Act, 1970?’ or ‘How many under trials are languishing in the jail for more than 10 years?’ That we need to use quantitative research to answer this kind of question is obvious. Qualitative, non numerical methods will obviously not provide the researcher with the numerical answer we want.

 2. Numerical change can likewise accurately be studied only by using quantitative methods. Are the numbers of students joining the schools has improved due to education policy and legal reforms? The researcher needs to undertake a quantitative study to find out.

 3. In order to find out about the state of something or other, the researcher often wants to explain phenomena. What factors predict the judicial outcomes? What factors are related to pendency of cases in the courts? These kinds of question can also be studied successfully by quantitative methods, and many statistical techniques have been developed that allow us to predict scores on one factor, or variable from scores on one or more other factors, or variables.

4. Quantitative research is especially suited is the testing of hypotheses. We might want to explain something – for example, whether there is a relationship between convicts and their self-esteem and social background. We could look at the theory and come up with the hypothesis that weaker social economic background leads to low self-esteem, which would in turn be related to the tendency to commit crime. social background. We could look at the theory and come up with the hypothesis that weaker social economic background leads to low self-esteem, which would in turn be related to the tendency to commit crime.

Figure1: Age of offenders in auto burglary Data analyse.

Age                                        15-20   21-25   26-30   31-35   36-40   41-45   46-50

Number of Offenders             4          3          1          10        2          2          2

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